A person works at Federal Emergency Management Agency headquarters Saturday, Jan. 24, 2026, in Washington. (AP Photo/Julia Demaree Nikhinson)
WASHINGTON The partial government shutdown that started Saturday is vastly different from the record closure in the fall.
That is mostly because the shutdown may not last long.
The House will try to pass funding legislation quickly when lawmakers return Monday, and that would end the shutdown. Congress already has passed half this years funding bills, ensuring that several important federal agencies and programs continue to operate through September. Nutrition assistance programs, for example, should be unaffected.
Funding will lapse, at least temporarily, for the Pentagon and agencies such as the departments of Homeland Security and Transportation. Essential functions will continue, but workers could go without pay if the impasse drags on. Some could be furloughed.
The government funding process had been going smoothly, with key lawmakers in the House and Senate finding bipartisan agreement. But the shooting deaths this month of two U.S. citizens, Alex Pretti and Rene Good, by federal agents in Minneapolis, changed the dynamic.
Democrats were incensed after Prettis killing and demanded that one of the six remaining funding bills, for DHS and its associated agencies, be stripped from the package passed by the House. They said the bill must include changes to immigration enforcement, including a code of conduct for federal agents and a requirement that officers show identification.
Eager to avoid another shutdown, President Donald Trumps White House struck a deal with Democrats to temporarily fund DHS at current levels for two weeks while the negotiations play out.
The Senate passed the five-bill funding package Friday, but it must pass the House again before becoming law. The House is not returning until Monday, ensuring funding will lapse for parts of the government, at least temporarily.
Yes, and typically the effects were not very visible to anyone hoping to use government services.
There were a couple of these in Trumps first administration.
In January 2018, a dispute over immigration protections resulted in a weekend shutdown. Some federal workers were furloughed or worked without pay. Benefits such as Social Security and Medicare were uninterrupted, many people did not notice the shutdown and federal offices reopened the following Monday after a deal was in place.
In February 2018, the shortest shutdown in U.S. history lasted about nine hours, overnight, and most people did not notice any impact. While agencies technically shut down after funding lapsed, it was so brief that furlough notices were not all sent out, and nothing was closed during business hours.
The funding lapse affects the Pentagon and agencies such as the Transportation Department and DHS, which includes the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
Experts have said FEMA should have enough money to respond to the massive winter storm still affecting large swaths of the country. FEMA would have about $7 billion to $8 billion in a fund for disaster response and recovery efforts and the staff who work on them. An extended shutdown could put more pressure on that fund, especially if FEMA must respond to new disasters.
Other FEMA operations, such as the ability to write or renew National Flood Insurance Program policies, would pause, as they did during last years 43-day shutdown.
That shutdown took a toll on the traveling public as delays and cancellations mounted, and there is now a risk of air travel disruptions again: One of the spending bills awaiting House passage covers the Department of Transportation, which is responsible for the air traffic control system and its workforce.
Air traffic controllers would still report for duty, but would be doing so without pay until a funding bill is passed.
At the State Department, the shutdown will not have a significant effect for the general public, in the United States or abroad.
Department employees were sent a 73-page memo late Friday that said passport and visa services and processing will continue and that embassies and consulates will remain open. Some functions, including nonemergency consular notifications and website updates, may be affected. But the memo said that 18,946 of the departments 27,206 direct hire American employees are exempted from potential furloughs if the shutdown continues.
No. That is a major change from the fall shutdown, when many people had to do with little-to-no assistance from the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program during the final weeks of the government closure. The bill to end that shutdown funded the Department of Agriculture and the programs that it administers through the remainder of the budget year, which ends Sept. 30.
That means full SNAP benefits will continue now. The federal food program serves about 42 million people, about 1 in 8 Americans, in lower-income households. They receive an average of around $190 monthly per person.
Another key program fully funded for the year is the federal supplemental nutrition program for women, infants and children, known as WIC. It provides pregnant women and young children with healthy food and nutrition counseling.
Kinnard reported from Columbia, S.C.02AP Diplomatic Writer Matthew Lee contributed to this report.
华盛顿——上周六开始的政府部分停摆与去年秋季创纪录的关门事件截然不同。
这主要是因为停工可能不会持续太久。
众议院将在议员们周一复会后迅速推动通过拨款法案，此举将结束政府停摆。国会目前已通过本年度半数拨款法案，确保多个重要联邦机构和项目能持续运作至九月。例如营养援助计划等民生项目预计不会受到影响。
五角大楼及国土安全部、交通部等机构的资金将至少暂时中断。关键职能仍将维持运转，但若僵局持续，工作人员可能面临停薪。部分人员或被迫无薪休假。
政府拨款程序原本进展顺利，众议院和参议院的关键立法者已达成两党共识。然而本月联邦特工在明尼阿波利斯市枪杀两名美国公民——亚历克斯·普雷蒂（Alex Pretti）和蕾妮·古德（Renée Good）的事件，彻底改变了这一态势。
在普雷蒂遇害后，民主党人感到愤怒，并要求从众议院通过的拨款法案中剔除涉及国土安全部及其相关机构的六项剩余拨款法案之一。他们表示，该法案必须包含对移民执法的改革，包括制定联邦探员行为准则以及要求执法人员出示身份证明。
为避免政府再次停摆，唐纳德·特朗普总统领导的白宫与民主党达成协议，将在谈判期间以当前资金水平临时为国土安全部提供两周的拨款。
参议院于周五通过了包含五项法案的一揽子资金方案，但该方案需在众议院再次获得通过才能成为法律。由于众议院要到下周一才复会，这意味着部分政府机构的资金将至少暂时中断。
确实如此，而且对于那些希望使用政府服务的人来说，这些影响通常并不明显。
在特朗普的首届政府中就有几位这样的人物。
2018年1月，一场关于移民保护政策的争议导致美国政府部分机构在周末暂时关闭。部分联邦雇员被迫无薪休假或无偿工作。不过，社会保障和医疗保险等福利并未中断，因此许多民众并未察觉到这次停摆。随着协议达成，联邦机构在接下来的周一便恢复了正常运作。
2018年2月，美国历史上最短的政府停摆持续了约九个小时，发生在夜间，大多数民众并未察觉到任何影响。尽管资金中断后各机构在技术上进入了停摆状态，但由于时间极为短暂，并非所有 furlough（强制休假）通知都得以发出，且所有部门在正常办公时间内均未关闭。
此次资金短缺影响到五角大楼及交通部、国土安全部等机构，其中后者下属联邦应急管理局。
专家表示，美国联邦紧急事务管理署（FEMA）应有足够资金应对这场仍影响该国大片地区的特大冬季风暴。FEMA的灾害响应与恢复工作专项基金约为70亿至80亿美元，用于支持相关救援行动及工作人员开支。但若政府停摆持续，可能对该基金造成更大压力，尤其是在FEMA需要应对新的灾害时。
联邦紧急事务管理局（FEMA）的其他业务也将暂停，例如签署或续签国家洪水保险计划保单的能力，这与去年持续43天的政府停摆期间的情况相同。
此前政府停摆导致航班延误和取消情况激增，给出行民众造成严重影响，如今航空运输系统可能再次面临中断风险：众议院待通过的支出法案中有一项涉及交通运输部，该部门负责管理空中交通管制系统及其工作人员。
空中交通管制员仍将到岗履职，但在经费法案通过前将处于无薪工作状态。
美国国务院的停摆对国内外公众不会产生重大影响。
周五晚间，国务院员工收到一份长达73页的备忘录。备忘录指出，护照和签证服务及处理工作将继续进行，各驻外使领馆也将保持开放。但部分职能可能受到影响，包括非紧急领事通知和网站更新等。不过备忘录同时表明，若政府停摆持续，该部门27206名直接聘用的美国员工中，将有18946人可免于无薪休假。
不。这与去年秋季政府停摆时的情况大不相同，当时在停摆的最后几周，许多人几乎无法获得补充营养援助计划的帮助。而此次结束停摆的法案为农业部及其管理的项目提供了资金，直至本财年结束（9月30日）。
这意味着补充营养援助计划（SNAP）的全面福利将继续发放。这项联邦食品计划覆盖约4200万低收入家庭人口，相当于每8个美国人中就有1人受惠。受助者平均每人每月可获得约190美元补助。
另一个今年获得全额拨款的重要项目是联邦妇女、婴儿和儿童补充营养计划（简称WIC）。该计划为孕妇和幼儿提供健康食品及营养指导服务。
金纳德（Kinnard）从南卡罗来纳州哥伦比亚发回报道，美联社外交事务撰稿人马修·李（Matthew Lee）对本文亦有贡献。
原创文章，作者：徐梓涵，如若转载，请注明出处：http://m.gaochengzhenxuan.com/keji/716.html
